Despite the "Principle of Last Resort," which advocates for civilian alternatives before military involvement, the utilization of military assets in both international and domestic humanitarian responses is increasing. This trend underscores the need for a deeper understanding of civil-military interactions during emergencies, especially in public health crises, which have been historically understudied. This research project aims to enhance understanding of civilian-military coordination during national pandemic responses, focusing on capacity gaps in public health and education sectors. 

Focusing on the COVID-19 pandemic, this research addresses three key themes: perceptions of frontline workers, best practices for coordination, and civilian beneficiaries' views of military involvement. Through KIIs and directed interviews, perspectives of pandemic responders and civilians interacting with military, national guard, and law enforcement will be captured. Additionally, a nationally representative survey will gauge public perceptions and reactions to military involvement scenarios. By adopting a multimethod approach, this research aims to provide insights into effective coordination strategies and inform future pandemic response policies. Ultimately, it seeks to contribute to evidence-based decision-making and improve civilian-military collaboration in public health emergencies.

This project is generously funded by the Birkelund Fund through the Watson Institute for International and Public Affairs.